Symptoms Diagnosis Treatments Statistics Causes CANCER TYPES

WHAT IS PROSTATE CANCER?

The prostate, a walnut-shaped gland in the male reproductive system, produces the fluid responsible for nourishing and transporting sperm.

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor affecting the prostate gland. It is the most common non-skin cancer among American men. Its prevalence is lower in other parts of the world, such as Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Research shows that prostate cancer often progresses slowly and may not exhibit symptoms until it reaches an advanced stage, leaving many men unaware of its presence.

IDENTIFYING PROSTATE CANCER CAUSES

While the exact cause of prostate cancer remains uncertain, doctors have observed that DNA changes in the prostate gland lead to its development. This accelerates cell division, resulting in an accumulation of abnormal cells, forming a tumor that grows and extends into nearby tissues.

DNA (Desoxyribonucleic Acid) is the chemical name for the molecule that carries genetic instructions in all living things. Damage to DNA can activate regulatory genes or activate so-called tumor genes:

  • Oncogenes are parts of a cell’s genetic material that promote the transition from normal prostate cell growth behaviour to unrestrained tumour growth.
  • Tumor suppressor genes prevent the activation of oncogenes or have a regulatory influence on cell growth and differentiation.

DNA mutations will, therefore, keep oncogenes ongoing and stifle tumor repressor genes. Consequently, cells grow out of control. 

The following factors are known contributors to prostate cancer:

  • Diet: Consumption of red meat, especially when cooked at high temperatures, increases the likelihood of prostate cancer. High calcium intake, whether through food or supplements, is also associated with elevated risk.
  • Fats: Increased fat consumption raises testosterone levels in the blood, promoting the growth of prostate cancer.
  • Occupational Hazards: Certain industries, like welding, battery manufacturing, and rubber work, expose workers to cadmium and its derivatives, increasing the risk.
  • Lack of Exercise: Sedentary lifestyles, high body mass index (obesity), smoking, and high calcium linoleic acid intake are linked to increased risk.
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections: STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea can lead to prostate inflammation, heightening the risk.

EVALUATING RISK FACTORS

Understanding your risk factors can empower you to make informed decisions. Here are some key considerations:

  • Gene Changes: Certain mutations, like those in Lynch Syndrome and BRCA1/BRCA2 genes, are associated with increased prostate cancer risk.
  • Age: The likelihood of prostate cancer rises after the age of 50. Approximately 60% of men over 65 have been found to have prostate cancer.
  • Family History: A family history of prostate cancer, especially if a father or brother has been affected, doubles a man’s risk. The risk further increases with multiple affected relatives. Additionally, a history of breast cancer in close female relatives can heighten risk.
  • Race: Men of African descent, including African Americans and Caribbean men, are at higher risk of developing prostate cancer.
  • Geography: Prostate cancer is more prevalent in North America, Australia, Northwestern Europe, and the Caribbean islands. Conversely, its incidence is lower in Africa, Asia, Central and South America.
  • Obesity/Overweight: Being overweight or obese is linked to accelerated cancer growth.

WHAT ISN’T A RISK FACTOR?

Certain factors once believed to contribute to prostate cancer, such as vasectomy, sexual activity, and alcohol consumption, have been disproven.

PROSTATE CANCER PREVENTION

While there’s no guaranteed way to prevent prostate cancer, a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce your risk. Here’s how you can take proactive steps:

  • Maintain a Healthy Weight: A waist measurement of 37 inches (94 cm) or more indicates increased risk. Maintaining a healthy weight helps mitigate the risk of advanced prostate cancer.
  • Adopt a Balanced Diet: Embrace a balanced diet that prioritizes essential nutrients while minimizing fatty and sugary foods.

    A balanced diet gives all the nutrients and energy your body needs and minimizes the use of fatty and sugary foods. 

    The Eatwell Guide breaks down the amount of food you should eat from each group each day. The World Cancer Research Fund also has healthy eating tips and recipes. 

    While no firm evidence exists of a single food that lowers prostate cancer, the following nutrients are known to be strong starting points:

    • Lycopene from tomato products.
    • Vitamin E from nuts, seeds, whole grains, green leafy vegetables and avocados.
    • Selenium from brazil nuts, liver, kidney and seafood.

    The World Cancer Research Fund suggests less than 500 grams of cooked meat (up to 750 grams when raw) and avoiding processed meat. In addition, saturated fats and searing meat may increase your risk of prostate cancer and should be avoided. 

  • Prioritize Physical Activity: Regular exercise reduces the risk of various health problems, including certain cancers. Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week.

Remember to consult your doctor before starting a new exercise regimen, especially if you have existing health conditions.

YOU’RE NOT ALONE

According to the American Cancer Society, only 1 in 41 men die of prostate cancer, offering more than a 90% chance of survival if diagnosed. At Miskawaan Integrative Cancer Care, our experienced team is dedicated to providing you with personalized resources and guidance to make informed decisions about your health. Contact us today for expert advice on cancer prevention, intervention and recovery care.

 

 

 

 

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